What is runway incursion?

Runway incursion refers to any occurrence at an airport involving the incorrect presence of an unauthorized vehicle, person, or object on a runway. This situation poses a significant safety risk, as it can lead to potential collisions or accidents during takeoffs and landings. Understanding this definition is crucial in the context of airport operations and safety protocols, emphasizing the importance of maintaining clear and controlled runway environments to ensure safe aviation operations.

In contrast, the other choices identify scenarios that do not accurately describe a runway incursion. An authorized vehicle on the runway represents a situation where safety protocols are followed, and there is no risk, while scheduled maintenance procedures pertain to regular checks or repairs, not to runway presence. Similarly, in-flight emergencies relate to incidents occurring while an aircraft is airborne, which is entirely separate from issues concerning runway access and safety. Together, these distinctions underscore the critical nature of identifying incursion situations to maintain safe aviation practices.